Heat Transfer
Adapting and prospering in the energy transition
The energy transition is gathering momentum as pressure from society leads policy makers and investors to demand faster and deeper cuts to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from all industrial sectors.
Air-cooled steam surface condenser case study: Retrofit vs. revamp
It is difficult to revamp an existing air-cooled steam surface condenser (ACSSC) for higher throughput, since most ACSSC suppliers have changed to a single-tube row design and have discontinued their multi-tube row design.
Set refinery profitability goals
While the ultimate purpose of operating a refinery is to produce gasoline, diesel or asphalt, key objectives include improving return on investment (ROI), net profitability and cash flow.
Welded plate heat exchangers cut refinery process costs—Part 2
Plate-and-frame (P&F) heat exchangers were first manufactured 100 yr ago for use in the dairy industry.
Calculate shell-and-tube exchanger heat input for PSV fire case
According to API Recommended Practice (RP) 521, 4.4.13.1, “Fire exposure on equipment can result in overpressure due to vapor generation and/or fluid expansion.
Optimize transient plant operations with castable-free fired heater
Fired heaters are designed with castable refractory in various sections of the heater.
Innovations
Alfa Laval has introduced wide-opening design plates in its Packinox heat exchangers.
Selection of cooling water system for gas, petroleum and petrochemical plants located on coastline - Part 1
Cooling water systems play an important role in today’s industry.
Assess remaining life for heater tubes
Refineries and petrochemical plants form some of the major sections of the hydrocarbon industry and consume much of the fuel that is burned in furnaces (heaters and specialty furnaces, such as reformers and crackers) to meet process heating requirements.
Develop reactor internals for optimizing reactor design - Part 2: High-performance mixing chamber
Most hydroprocessing reactors are fixed-bed reactors comprising several catalyst beds that are divided by quench zones containing mixing chambers that introduce a vapor-quenching medium.

- Britain will not bail out bioethanol industry hit by Trump trade deal 8/15
- Russian energy facilities targeted recently in drone attacks 8/15
- Shell: Norco, Louisiana (U.S.) refinery gasoline unit work to start on Friday 8/15
- Sanctions-hit Indian refiner Nayara in talks with govt to sustain operations 8/15
- The API challenges Trump plan to cut biofuel import credits 8/15
- IAG selects record 29 startups for accelerator program 8/15