Process Optimization

Decarbonization pathway for net-zero by 2050: Carbon neutrality roadmap strategy for an integrated refinery and petrochemical facility

This article quantifies GHG emissions from various sources, such as fired heaters and boilers, within refinery and petrochemical operations. Based on these quantified emissions, a tailored carbon neutrality roadmap is developed, incorporating carbon reduction, mitigation and offsetting strategies.

Synthetic graphite demand drives attractive techno-economics for coker upgrades

This article describes the economic opportunity that synthetic graphite demand growth presents for American and European refiners. It describes the conditions that best suit a plant to be considered for such a revamp. The article also discusses the modifications needed in capital equipment, process conditions and feedstock to execute this change, the typical capital expenditure required to materialize it, and the transformational gross profit enhancements that could result from these modifications, given the product slate upgrade.  

Sustainability application of aviation eJet fuel

SAF will be essential to achieving the aviation industry’s ambitious decarbonization targets by 2050. Regulations will play a large part in increasing the share of SAF used in aviation and defining the qualified products. CO2 utilization and bio-SAF have great potential to supplement aviation turbine demands. Combining the production of bio-SAF and CO2-based industrial processes provides advantages regarding the most efficient use of carbon from different sources, with high efficiency and optimized costs. 

Ammonia decomposition—Hydrogen carrier value chain

Ammonia (NH3) is emerging as one of the most promising H2 carriers, offering solutions to several critical challenges associated with H2 storage and transportation. As H2 is increasingly recognized as a pivotal component in the transition to a carbon-free energy future, efficient storage and transportation systems have become crucial for its widespread adoption. 

A novel process and machinery unit for the highly efficient liquefaction of renewable natural gases

The authors’ company has developed a gas expansion-based liquefaction processa using a proprietary machine called a compander. This article describes the newly developed process, including ease of operation and permitting, as well as high quality thanks to in-house design, manufacturing, assembly and testing of key components. 

Ebullated bed hydrocracking: A process and mechanical upset scenario

The purpose of this article is to describe, analyze and suggest some technical peculiarities and criticalities that can affect the operation and safety of ebullated bed hydrocracking technology units—a process and mechanical upset scenario during emergency shutdown.

Distillation of a mixture containing CO2, CH4 and H2—Part 2

This article describes a method for the simultaneous separation of a mixture containing hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), which may result from certain shifted synthesis gas (syngas) mixtures.

Hydrogen cyanide in coal tar gas treatment

Sensible diesel hydrotreating catalyst selection: An independent catalyst testing approach

This article presents a case study that illustrates how independent catalyst testing was utilized to identify the most effective diesel hydrotreating catalyst. 

Design efficient and scalable liquefaction plants for a low-carbon future

The safe, reliable and environmentally sustainable delivery of LNG to consumer markets requires investment in new and expanded infrastructure. Embedding digital technology and insights allows key stakeholders to understand the challenges of such an endeavor, along with pathways to more efficient projects and operations.